In the following I get a brief summary of Ernst Mach, which consists only of paragraphs, which I copied from Wikipedia! I have summarized what I consider essential and is associated with my other considerations yield to a certain sense. I was surprised that Ernst Mach in addition to the physics in so many other areas such as Philosophy (not so unusual for a physicist), but also psychology, Methodology and history. Apparently he has had strong influence on BF Skinner, one of the most prominent representatives of behaviorism. This led me to the track, was triggered as much to psychology from physics and physical sciences.
de.wikipedia.org / wiki / Ernst_Mach of 7 Nov. 2010th
... its now almost unknown, a major influence in science and the public is owed to it with that, especially in Vienna and Austria and many important research projects were carried out.
... In addition to the Mach physics researcher in psychology (more specifically referred to psychology), philosophy, methodology and history. Most of his works were in his Prague period, including his most important works on physics and psychology of the senses. He also began here to deal with issues of epistemology and the history of physics.
criticism of Newtonian mechanics:
Mach questioned intensively by the positivist and empiricist standpoint, the basics of Newtonian mechanics and came up with questions that he tried to solve by means of Mach's principle. In the course of which originated many popular books including the best-known book, "The mechanics in their development" (1883). Here he talks, contrary to the spirit of the times, from the mechanics of its universal validity and tries the mechanics consistently due to observations. He formulated the law of inertia in his Mach's principle in order to:
"Now, instead of a moving body K on the space (on a coordinate system) to purchase, we will directly consider his conduct to the bodies of space through which that system of coordinates can be determined solely . ...
make statements meant that some see him as a pioneer of general relativity. Einstein described himself first as a "student" Mach, however later distanced himself from his philosophical views.
sense psychology and philosophy: An ardent supporter of the
advocated education and a staunch opponent of all forms of metaphysics Mach for a methodical economy of thought, by which he means the greatest possible economy in terms of conceptual and speculative. Knowledge of nature has its foundation in the experience - either directly mediated through sense impressions or meters. It is therefore considered to be an empiricist. In addition, Mach is seen as representative of positivism. For Mach positivism meant essentially the following: first
The source of all human knowledge is the "given".
second Where only one variety of sensations (sensations) is.
3. Is not given anything in addition to constituting the contents of sense perception, the "world".
4th The distinction between self and the world is groundless.
5th There is no metaphysical knowledge of extra-sensory reality.
Figure "Ernst Mach - internal perspective" ( de.wikipedia.org_Ernst_Mach_Innenperspektive.png ): Here we see as Ernst Mach in his eye out perceives the environment (including part of his nose!).
In psychology, distinguished himself by Mach, the thesis that human beings always choose the most economical process of perception.
All human action and dress is determined by the desire for self-preservation. Through the training of higher intellectual functions, especially those innate qualities and reflexes are replaced, enabling the lower organisms their existence.
In science, theory, he understood the science as a means to the world and the feelings of the people to be described as simple and neutral. He also demanded as a model of science a reductionism without compromise. For this reason he saw it as very basis of an enlightened world understanding the physics and psychology. Theories are similar to psychological, only organized mathematical descriptions of nature. Discussions on the validity of theories are therefore unnecessary. But the benefit is relevant. truth not exist for itself but as a temporary discussion truth that comes to evolutionary laws state: Only the strongest, most economical and therefore empirically clearest ideas prevail.
Mach and Skinner:
The details of the relationship between Mach and Loeb, and between them and the later behaviorists in the United States are inviting research topics. The work of one of the most important psychologists of the recent past, Burrhus F. Skinner, was influenced by Mach strong.
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